Initialising ...
Initialising ...
Initialising ...
Initialising ...
Initialising ...
Initialising ...
Initialising ...
Akino, Noboru; Endo, Yasuei; Hanada, Masaya; Kawai, Mikito*; Kazawa, Minoru; Kikuchi, Katsumi*; Kojima, Atsushi; Komata, Masao; Mogaki, Kazuhiko; Nemoto, Shuji; et al.
JAEA-Technology 2014-042, 73 Pages, 2015/02
JAEA-Technology-2014-042.pdf:15.1MB
According to the project plan of JT-60 Super Advanced that is implemented as an international project between Japan and Europe, the neutral beam (NB) injectors have been disassembled. The disassembly of the NB injectors started in November, 2009 and finished in January, 2012 without any serious problems as scheduled. This reports the disassembly activities of the NB injectors.
Inoue, Takashi; Kashiwagi, Mieko; Taniguchi, Masaki; Dairaku, Masayuki; Hanada, Masaya; Watanabe, Kazuhiro; Sakamoto, Keishi
Nuclear Fusion, 46(6), p.S379 - S385, 2006/06
Times Cited Count：35 Percentile：74.41(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)The JAERI MeV accelerator has been designed extrapolating vacuum insulation design guidelines (the clump theory and Paschen law) to Mega Volt and long vacuum gap. Reduction of electric field concentration at triple junction by a large stress ring was effective to prevent flashover along insulator surface. By the vacuum insulation technology above, the accelerator sustained 1 MV for 8,500 s continuously. Strong enhancement of negative ion surface production has been attained by stopping vacuum leaks due to SF
permeation through Viton O rings and a damage of port by backstream ions, followed by increase of the H
ion current density without saturation. Operating the KAMABOKO source with high power arc discharge (
40 kW), H ion beams of 146 A/m
(total ion current: 0.2 A) have been obtained stably at the beam energy of 836 keV (pulse length: 
0.2 s). Bremsstrahlung generation in the accelerator is also estimated from EGS4 analysis, and then discussion on the breakdown possibility follows.
Hemsworth, R. S.*; Inoue, Takashi
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 33(6), p.1799 - 1813, 2005/12
Times Cited Count：96 Percentile：92.88(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)The positive or negative ion sources which form the primary components of neutral beam injection systems used in magnetic fusion have to meet simultaneously several demanding requirements. This paper describes the underlying physics of modern positive ion sources, which provide the required high proton fraction (
90%) and high current density (
2 kA/m) at a low source pressure (0.4 Pa) with a high electrical efficiency and uniformity across the accelerator grids. The development of negative ion sources, which are required if high energy neutral beams are to be produced, is explained. The paper reports that negative ion sources have achieved many of the parameters required of sources for the neutral beam injectors of future fusion devices and reactors, 200 A/m of D at low pressure, 
0.3 Pa, with low co-extracted electron content. The development needed to meet all the requiremens of future systems is briefly discussed.
Inoue, Takashi; Taniguchi, Masaki; Morishita, Takatoshi; Dairaku, Masayuki; Hanada, Masaya; Imai, Tsuyoshi*; Kashiwagi, Mieko; Sakamoto, Keishi; Seki, Takayoshi*; Watanabe, Kazuhiro
Nuclear Fusion, 45(8), p.790 - 795, 2005/08
The R&D of a 1 MeV accelerator and a large negative ion source have been carried out at JAERI. The paper presents following progress as a step toward ITER NB system. (1) Accelerator R&D: According to success in improvement of voltage holding capability, the acceleration test of H ions up to 1 MeV class energy is in progress. H ion beams of 1 MeV, 100 mA class have been generated with a substantial beam current density (100 A/m), and the current density is still increasing by the ion source tuning. (2) Large ion source R&D: One of major causes that limited the NB injection performance was spatial unifomity of negative ion production in existing negative-ion based NB systems. The present study revealed that the negative ions produced in the extraction region of the source were locally destructed by fast electrons leaking through magnetic filter. Some countermeasures and their test results are also described.
Inoue, Takashi; Taniguchi, Masaki; Morishita, Takatoshi; Dairaku, Masayuki; Hanada, Masaya; Imai, Tsuyoshi*; Kashiwagi, Mieko; Sakamoto, Keishi; Seki, Takayoshi*; Watanabe, Kazuhiro
Nuclear Fusion, 45(8), p.790 - 795, 2005/08
Times Cited Count：23 Percentile：59.5(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)The R&D of a 1 MeV accelerator and a large negative ion source has been carried out at JAERI for the ITER NB system. The R&D is in progress at present toward: (1) 1 MeV acceleration of H ion beams at the ITER relevant current density of 200 A/m, and (2) improvement of uniform negative ion production over wide extraction area in large negative ion sources. Recently, H ion beams of 1 MeV, 140 mA level have been generated with a substantial beam current density (100 A/m). In the uniformity study, it has been clarified that electron temperature in the ion extraction region is locally high ( 1 eV), which resulted in destruction of negative ions at a high reaction rate. Interception of fast electrons leaking through a transverse magnetic field called "magnetic filter" has been found effective to lower the local electron temperature, followed by an improvement of negative ion beam profile.
negative hydrogen ion beams in a 1 MeV vacuum insulated beam sourceTaniguchi, Masaki; Inoue, Takashi; Kashiwagi, Mieko; Hanada, Masaya; Watanabe, Kazuhiro; Seki, Takayoshi*; Sakamoto, Keishi
AIP Conference Proceedings 763, p.168 - 175, 2005/04
The accelerator for the ITER NB system is required to produce 1 MeV, 40 A D-ion beams for 16.5 MW neutral beam injection per module. In the ITER NB system, conventional gas insulated beam source cannot be adopted because of the radiation-induced conductivity of the insulation gas. Thus a vacuum insulated beam source (VIBS), where the whole beam source is immersed in vacuum, had been developed in JAERI. Recently, voltage holding capability of the VIBS was drastically improved by installing the large stress ring, which reduces the electric field concentration at the negative side triple junction. Having improved the voltage holding capability of the VIBS, the H ion beams were extracted with seeding cesium to enhance the negative ion currents. Up to now, we had been succeeded in accelerating the H beam of 102 A/m (140 mA) at 800 keV. The beam acceleration was quite stable and accomplished for several hundreds shots in several experimental campaigns.
Inoue, Takashi
JAERI-Research 2005-006, 87 Pages, 2005/03
JAERI-Research-2005-006.pdf:10.53MB
Negative ion sources and accelerators have been developed toward the ITER neutral beam injector (NBI). According to an analysis of negative ion surface production, the "KAMABOKO" ion source has been developed maximizing its volume/surface ratio, for fast electron confinement followed by enhancement of atomic density. An "external filter" is equipped in the source, to suppress ion destruction by the fast electrons with efficient diffusion of the atoms to ion extraction region. H ions of 300 A/m was extracted at the pressure of 0.3 Pa. For the accelerator, vacuum insulation technology has been developed since insulation gas such as SF is not applicable under radiation environment. Considering pressure in the accelerator (0.02
0.2 Pa), insulation guideline has been developed for both vacuum arc and glow discharges. Reduction of electric field stress at triple junction was effective to prevent flashover along insulator surface. H ion beams of 900 keV and 80 A/m (total ion current: 0.11 A) were obtained for several hundred shots.
ion beams in a proof-of-principle accelerator for ITERInoue, Takashi; Taniguchi, Masaki; Dairaku, Masayuki; Hanada, Masaya; Kashiwagi, Mieko; Morishita, Takatoshi; Watanabe, Kazuhiro; Imai, Tsuyoshi
Review of Scientific Instruments, 75(5), p.1819 - 1821, 2004/05
Times Cited Count：11 Percentile：51.23(Instruments & Instrumentation)The paper reports progress of proof-of-principle test of negative ion accelerator for ITER. The accelerator structure is immersed in vacuum, surrounded by a FRP insulator column as the vacuum boundary. So far, the beam energy has been limited due to poor voltage holding capability of the FRP insulator column. By lowering the electric field strength at the triple junction (interface of FRP insulator, metal flange and vacuum) with large stress ring installed inside the insulator column, high voltage of 1 MV was stably sustained for more than 2 hours. In the following beam test, acceleration of 900 keV, 100 mA H ion beam was succeeded. Although the current was lower (70 mA) at 1 MeV, the beam of this level has been stably accelerated for 6 days, 130 shots in total (each pulse length: 1 s).
Morishita, Takatoshi; Inoue, Takashi; Iga, Takashi*; Watanabe, Kazuhiro; Imai, Tsuyoshi
Review of Scientific Instruments, 75(5), p.1764 - 1766, 2004/05
Times Cited Count：8 Percentile：42.73(Instruments & Instrumentation)Negative ion beams of high current density are required for accelerator and fusion. The H source utilizes surface production that produces H from H or H
. And hence, high proto yield ion source is required. Generally, a large volume plasma generator with strong plasma confinement is suitable to achieve high proton yield. On the contrary, production of high proton ratio plasma is not easy in small sources. However, in a small source (3.5 liter), high current H beam of 800 A/m was obtained. In this research, the proton ratio was investigated experimentally and analytically in a small source (1.4 liter). The measured proton ratio increased form 40% to 90% by applying the magnetic filter. From the numerical analysis, the proton ratio is low as 40% in the driver region. However, with the magnetic filter, flow of primary electrons is restrained, resulting in suppression of H
production at the extraction region. In addition, molecular ions are easily destroyed by thermal electrons in the filter region. Thus the proton ratio is enhanced by the magnetic field in the small sources.
Mizuno, Takatoshi*; Kitade, Yuki*; Hatayama, Akiyoshi*; Sakurabayashi, Toru*; Imai, Naoki*; Morishita, Takatoshi; Inoue, Takashi
Review of Scientific Instruments, 75(5), p.1760 - 1763, 2004/05
Times Cited Count：7 Percentile：39.52(Instruments & Instrumentation)Spatial non-uniformities of extracted negative ion beam were observed experimentally in tandem-type negative ion sources. To improve the beam uniformity, it is important to analyze the plasma profile in the ion source including magnetic filter effect. In the filter region, Lorentz force is important for both ions and electrons. However, their dynamics are completely different, i.e. electrons are magnetized and ions are not magnetized. Then, the system of two-dimensional two-fluid model equations is solved simultaneously to obtain self-consistent profiles of the plasma parameters. The result shows that a possible cause of spatial non-uniformity is the ion flow rather than ExB drift motion of electrons. This flow of ions is caused by synergetic effect of the force by electric field, Lorentz force and inertia force. To verify the results above and more quantitative comparisons with experiments, full 3D analysis is needed, because the electron loss along the field line is important for the plasma potential and the electric field in the filter region. Full 3D analysis is now in progress.
Inoue, Takashi; Hanada, Masaya; Iga, Takashi*; Imai, Tsuyoshi; Kashiwagi, Mieko; Kawai, Mikito; Morishita, Takatoshi; Taniguchi, Masaki; Umeda, Naotaka; Watanabe, Kazuhiro; et al.
Fusion Engineering and Design, 66-68, p.597 - 602, 2003/09
Times Cited Count：21 Percentile：78.43(Nuclear Science & Technology)The neutral beam (NB) injection has been one of the most promising methods for plasma heating and current drive in tokamak fusion devices. JAERI has developed high energy electrostatic accelerators for the NB systems in JT-60U and ITER. Recent progress on this R&D are as follows: 1) In the JT-60U NB system, some of the beams has been deflected due to distorted electric field in the accelerator, resulting in an excess heat load on the NB port. By correcting the electric field, a continuous injection of H
beam was succeeded for 10 s with the NB power of 2.6 MW at 355 keV. 2) To increase the beam energy, a metal structure called stress ring was designed. The ring reduces electric field concentration at the triple junction point (interface between metal and dielectric insulator inside vacuum). Initial test of the accelerators with the stress rings has shown higher voltage hold off performance in both accelerators for JT-60U and ITER R&D than that without rings.
Taniguchi, Masaki; Hanada, Masaya; Iga, Takashi*; Inoue, Takashi; Kashiwagi, Mieko; Morishita, Takatoshi; Okumura, Yoshikazu; Shimizu, Takashi; Takayanagi, Tomohiro; Watanabe, Kazuhiro; et al.
Nuclear Fusion, 43(8), p.665 - 669, 2003/08
Times Cited Count：16 Percentile：46.42(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)no abstracts in English
Ishikura, Shuichi*; Kogawa, Hiroyuki; Futakawa, Masatoshi; Kikuchi, Kenji; Hino, Ryutaro; Arakawa, Chuichi
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 318, p.113 - 121, 2003/05
Times Cited Count：12 Percentile：62.16(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)The thermal shock stress in the mercury target vessel was analyzed: the target receives the incident proton beam at the energy of 1 MW with the pulse duration of 1ms. Negative pressure of maximal 61MPa was generated when the initial pressure of 52MPa propagated in mercury. It is expected then that the cavitation may be arisen by the negative pressure. So in order to know the cavitation behavior, the simulation study was carried out by using the equation of motion based on the bubble dynamics for a single bubble, and fundamental parameter analysis was carried out. It is found that a bubble has a potential expansion more than 1000 times with a change of the pressure at the window of the target vessel. Consequently wave propagation will be affected. Theoretical consideration was given to the wave motion of propagation in bubbly liquid. The equation of state in bubbly liquid can be approximated by the polynomial. The diameter of a bubble and the bubble volume fraction inherent in mercury can be decided if the critical pressure, the sound velocity, and resonance frequency is successfully measured by static and dynamic experiment.
Taniguchi, Masaki; Hanada, Masaya; Iga, Takashi*; Inoue, Takashi; Kashiwagi, Mieko; Morishita, Takatoshi; Okumura, Yoshikazu; Shimizu, Takashi*; Takayanagi, Tomohiro*; Watanabe, Kazuhiro; et al.
Proceedings of 19th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (FEC 2002) (CD-ROM), 5 Pages, 2002/10
A high power neutral beam injector (NBI) has been designed for ITER. A key component of the NBI system is a high power beam source which produces a 40A D ion beams at the energy of 1 MeV. JAERI has developed a vacuum insulated beam source (VIBS). The VIBS insulates the high voltage of 1 MV by immersing the ion source and accelerator in vacuum. So far the VIBS succeeded in acceleration of 37 mA (power supply drain current) beam up to 970 keV for 1 s. The achieved beam energy is nearly equal to the required value for the ITER NBI system. The negative ion source for the ITER beam source has been also developed. One of the key issues for the negative ion source is reduction of the operating pressure. By optimizing the filter magnetic field for negative ion production even at low pressure, a H ion beam of 31 mA/cm was extracted at 0.1 Pa. Although the pulse length was very short (0.1 s) the ITER requirement on the current density was demonstrated at 1/3 of the ITER design pressure (0.3 Pa), which could reduce the heat loading on the accelerator grids.
Kuriyama, Masaaki; Akino, Noboru; Ebisawa, Noboru; Grisham, L. R.*; Honda, Atsushi; Ito, Takao; Kawai, Mikito; Kazawa, Minoru; Mogaki, Kazuhiko; Ohara, Yoshihiro; et al.
Fusion Science and Technology (JT-60 Special Issue), 42(2-3), p.410 - 423, 2002/09
Times Cited Count：49 Percentile：93.08(Nuclear Science & Technology)no abstracts in English
Hanada, Masaya
Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 78(6), p.541 - 547, 2002/06
The beam technology developed for neutral beam injection in fusion application has been applied to industry. Presently, positive ion beams are widely applied to process the semiconductor. For example, an intense argon ion beam is used for milling substrates of the semiconductor, and a large liquid crystal is also manufactured by implanting P+ or B+ ions on glass plates. Recently, the intense negative ion beam has also been developed and is being applied to new field in semiconductor industry. Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) is developing new technology for slicing the thin single-crystal semiconductor plates of several tens of micrometers in thickness from the ingot without waste by implanting the MeV-class H ion beam developed for ITER. This process is realized only by using the high-energy negative ion beam since the positive ion implantation requires the mass separation that practically limits the ion beam energy, namely, penetration depth of the ions. By implanting 725 keV H ions directly onto the Si ingot, the single-crystal Si plates of 10 mm in thickness have successfully been sliced. It is expected that this technology opens mass productions of high efficiency solar cells and micro-machines.
Inoue, Takashi
Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 78(5), p.398 - 404, 2002/05
Neutral beam (NB) heating and current drivesystem for ITER fires the energetic particle beams of 1 MeV, 33 MW (16.5 MW/NB injector) into the fusion plasma. The design allows late installation of third NB injector for upgrade in current drive experiment toward steady state operation. The ITER NB system has been designed to fulfill requirements of the plasma physics, including advanced scenario achieved with off-axis current drive by NB. A design overview of the ITER NB system is described. The paper also reports recent R&D status of ion source and accelerator, as key components of the NB system, toward ITER construction. NB heating and current drive performance required in future tokamak reactors are discussed together with the necessary R&D issues.
ion sourceTakayanagi, Tomohiro; Ikehata, Takashi*; Okumura, Yoshikazu; Watanabe, Kazuhiro; Hanada, Masaya; Amemiya, Toru*; Kashiwagi, Mieko
Review of Scientific Instruments, 73(2), p.1061 - 1063, 2002/02
Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：12.48(Instruments & Instrumentation)no abstracts in English
Inoue, Takashi; Di Pietro, E.*; Hanada, Masaya; Hemsworth, R. S.*; Krylov, A.*; Kulygin, V.*; Massmann, P.*; Mondino, P. L.*; Okumura, Yoshikazu; Panasenkov, A.*; et al.
Fusion Engineering and Design, 56-57, p.517 - 521, 2001/10
Times Cited Count：64 Percentile：96.58(Nuclear Science & Technology)no abstracts in English
Kuriyama, Masaaki; Akino, Noboru; Ebisawa, Noboru; Grisham, L. R.*; Hikida, Shigenori*; Honda, Atsushi; Ito, Takao; Kawai, Mikito; Kazawa, Minoru; Kusaka, Makoto*; et al.
Fusion Engineering and Design, 56-57(Part.A), p.523 - 527, 2001/10
Times Cited Count：6 Percentile：44.06(Nuclear Science & Technology)no abstracts in English
